Identificación histopatológica de parásitos intramusculares en cobayos (Cavia porcellus) faenados en el cantón Loja: Un análisis microscópico de las afecciones parasitarias en la cría de cobayos

Abstract

Abstract: This thesis analyzes the presence of intramuscular parasites in guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) slaughtered in Loja, Ecuador, with the aim of identifying and characterizing parasitic diseases that affect the breeding of these animals, as well as their nutritional status. A total of 386 muscle tissue samples were examined with the aid of histopathology, resulting in a prevalence of 9%, the most common being Toxoplasma gondii and Sarcocystis spp. Due to their zoonotic potential, these parasites pose a risk to animal and human health, and can be transmitted through the consumption of infected meat. The study highlights the importance of implementing sanitary control measures and improving breeding practices to reduce the prevalence of parasitic infections. The use of diagnostic techniques such as PCR and ELISA is recommended for final identification of the parasite species present in muscle tissue, as well as training producers on biosecurity and hygienic food and water management. This research contributes to the epidemiological understanding of intramuscular parasites in guinea pigs and promotes the adoption of best practices in local agricultural production.