Definición de zonas urbanizables en base a parámetros geotécnicos de la zona suroccidental de la ciudad de Loja

Abstract

Abstract: This research defined urbanizable and non-urbanizable areas in the southwestern area of Loja canton, considering the geotechnical characteristics of granite rocks, conglomerates, sandstones and clays. Uncontrolled urban growth and various factors condition the stability of the land, therefore in the study area the suitable areas for urbanization were determined through geotechnical tests that determined information on cohesion, friction and the load capacity of the materials. Maps of prone areas were created using the GIS program to identify the optimal locations for urban development. The findings show that the granite and metamorphic rocks are suitable for constructions on inclined terrains while the sedimentary and conglomerate rocks have diverse load capacities; in addition, measures were suggested to improve and manage their use. Finally, the areas suitable for urbanization and those that are not established according to the NEC-15 guidelines; this guarantees appropriate planning considering the capacity of the soil. The urbanizable areas correspond to 60.94% of the total polygon, that is, 499.1 hectares, which are urbanizable. On the other hand, the non-urbanizable areas occupy 319.9 hectares of the polygon, that is, 39.06%. The non-urbanizable areas include land with slopes greater than 40%, areas less than 15 meters from ravines, sectors where slope movements have already been recorded, or which are prone to them due to the geological conditions of the soil.