Valoración del estado nutricional y hábitos dietéticos en pacientes varones con riesgo de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 del IESS

Abstract

Abstract: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease associated with modifiable risk factors, primarily diet and nutritional status. Early detection of anthropometric and dietary alterations represents an opportunity to reduce the prevalence of T2DM through interventions. This study aims to establish the relationship between anthropometric composition and dietary habits with the risk of developing T2DM in men enrolled in the Loja Central Day Hospital Outpatient Clinical and Surgical Center. A descriptive design was used, including 540 participants, evaluated with bioimpedance measurement, body measurements, and FINDRISC and MEDAS questionnaires. The data were processed using descriptive and inferential statistics, maintaining a 95% confidence interval. A significant association was found between age over 45 years, marital status, anthropometric profile (excluding the muscle compartment), and risk of T2DM. Although dietary habits were not associated with T2DM risk, consumption of vegetables, soffritto, legumes, olive oil, and solid fats was related to relevant anthropometric variables in measuring risk; however, further research on dietary consumption is needed to establish a more conclusive statistical trend.