Prevalencia de la salud mental, capital psicológico y satisfacción laboral en docentes ecuatorianos en el sector sur de la ciudad de Quito

Abstract

Abstract:This research was conducted in the southern sector of the city of Quito during 2024, with the objective of analyzing the mental health, psychological capital, and job satisfaction of teachers. A sample of 63 teachers from public and private institutions was used, employing a quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional, and descriptive design. Data collection included a sociodemographic questionnaire, the DASS-21 Scale to measure depression, anxiety, and stress, the Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ), and a job satisfaction instrument. The results reveal a low prevalence of severe mental health impairment. Severe stress was present in 3.17% of the participants, with no cases at the extremely severe level. Anxiety registered a higher incidence (7.93%), followed by depression (4.76%) at severe and extremely severe levels. In conclusion, although most teachers do not present critical levels, relevant indicators were identified, especially in anxiety, which highlights the need to strengthen psychological capital and job satisfaction as key protective factors.