La parentalidad positiva en la crianza de los niños de 3 a 5 años de los centros de Educación Inicial del Ecuador

Abstract

Abstract: This research analyzes positive parenting among parents of children aged 3 to 5 attending early childhood education centers in Ecuador. It is theoretically grounded in Bowlby's attachment theory and Bronfenbrenner's ecological model, integrating contemporary approaches to parenting competencies. The study highlights the importance of caring, respectful, structured, and violence-free parenting as a foundation for comprehensive child development. The methodology adopted is quantitative, non-experimental, descriptive, and cross-sectional. The Positive Parenting Scale (P2PS) was used to assess parental competencies in the bonding, formative, protective, and reflective dimensions. Practices related to affection, emotional recognition, and family norms are frequently evident; however, weaknesses are identified in seeking community support, parenting planning, and parental self-reflection. The study concludes that strengthening parenting skills through training programs and institutional support is key to improving parenting conditions in the country, fostering shared parental responsibility, and promoting public policies that strengthen the family-school bond.