La evolución de la acción de protección en Ecuador como mecanismo efectivo para la tutela de derechos fundamentales: análisis jurisprudencial

Abstract

Abstract: This essay examines the evolution of the protection action in Ecuador as a jurisdictional mechanism for the effective protection of fundamental rights, based on the jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court. Using a qualitative methodology of document analysis, it compiles and studies ten pioneering judicial decisions that have established the criteria of admissibility, informality, legitimacy, reparation, and a gender and intersectionality approach. At the same time, it considers the most common challenges in its implementation: disparity of criteria among ordinary judges, bad faith in the filing of appeals, tensions with legal certainty, and insufficient judicial training. It concludes that the protection action has evolved from being a limited legal tool to a guaranteeing, accessible, and dynamic instrument. However, its definitive consolidation requires strengthening the training of legal practitioners and harmonizing the Court's understanding with the rest of the judicial system.