Motivación de las sentencias emitidas por los jueces de primer nivel en el Ecuador.

Abstract

Abstract:This Curriculum Integration Project analyzes the judicial reasoning in the judgment issued in Case No. 10282-2024-00280, corresponding to a criminal case for driving under the influence. The study focuses on two fundamental controversies: the first, related to the determination of the defendant's indigenous identity without sufficient verification of their cultural affiliation; and the second, linked to the inappropriate application of Article 10.2 of ILO Convention 169, whereby the judge substituted the prison sentence with community service without meeting the normative and factual criteria required for such a decision. The methodology employed corresponds to doctrinal, normative, and jurisprudential analysis, adjusted to the institutional guidelines of UTPL and the parameters for evaluating the quality of judicial reasoning. Through the study of the six motivational flaws defined by the National Court of Justice, the sufficiency, coherence, logic, and justification of the judicial decision were examined. The results show that the ruling presents shortcomings in the determination of the indigenous cultural affiliation, as well as in the application of international standards on intercultural justice, which affects the rationality of the decision and violates the standards of motivation required in the constitutional state of rights and justice. Finally, conclusions and recommendations are proposed aimed at strengthening judicial argumentation and the correct application of intercultural norms.