Plantas medicinales comercializadas en los mercados y ferias libres del cantón Pastaza

Abstract

Abstract: This study evaluated traditional knowledge related to the commercialization and use of medicinal plants in markets and open-air fairs of the Pastaza canton. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews applied to 29 vendors, documenting medicinal uses, plant parts employed, preparation methods, dosage, routes and frequency of administration, as well as sociodemographic information. A total of 49 species belonging to 32 botanical families were recorded, with Lamiaceae and Asteraceae being the most representative. The main use categories were general anti-inflammatory treatments, respiratory disorders, and digestive system ailments. Oral administration, mainly as infusions, was the predominant route. Ethnobotanical indices revealed high consensus values for Genipa americana and Oenocarpus bataua (FL = 100%), and a high cultural significance of Maytenus macrocarpa for respiratory treatments. Statistical analysis showed no significant differences between the vendors educational level and the number of species known, confirming the empirical and traditionally transmitted nature of this knowledge. Overall, the findings highlight the importance of medicinal plant commercialization in Pastaza as a key for heritage and sustaining traditional health practices.