Incorporación de la perspectiva de género en las políticas de dividendos: implicaciones sobre la solvencia financiera y el rendimiento accionario de las empresas ecuatorianas del sector CIIU K, durante el periodo 2018 - 2024

Abstract

Abstract: This study examines the representation of the gender perspective within corporate governance structures and its relationship to dividend policies, financial solvency, and stock returns of Ecuadorian companies in the financial and insurance sector (ISIC K) during the 2018 2024 period. The results show low female participation both on boards of directors and in the shareholder structure of companies in the ISIC K sector; consequently, on average, women account for 19% of board members and hold 14% of the shares. Similarly, an average dividend payout ratio of 18% was identified, with slightly higher rates observed in companies with greater female representation in management and ownership. However, the statistical analyses conducted did not identify a significant relationship between gender diversity and dividend policies; on the contrary, women s participation showed positive and statistically significant associations with profitability indicators, such as return on equity (ROE) and return on assets (ROA). Similarly, a correlation was found with a financial structure more oriented toward long-term financing, therefore, it is concluded that gender diversity primarily contributes to strengthening financial performance and corporate sustainability.