Pedagogical and Social Factors that Influence the Learning Process of English as a Foreign Language in Ecuador

Abstract

Abstract: The present study seeks to investigate the pedagogical factors and social factors that influence the learning process of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) among high school students in Ecuador. The main objective is to analyze these factors to understand how they affect students' educational development and language acquisition. The study was conducted in an Ecuadorian high school with a sample of 39 second-year high school students (31 males and 8 females) and 3 English teachers. The research objectives were achieved by applying a descriptive research design using a mixed-methods approach (quantitative and qualitative). Data were collected through a structured survey based on a five-point Likert scale administered to the students and semi-structured interviews conducted with the teachers. The results indicate that both pedagogical and social dimensions have a significant influence on the learning process. Student s value interactive activities, modern technological tools, and continuous constructive feedback. In conclusion, integrating modern teaching methods with a supportive socio-cultural environment is essential to address current educational challenges and improve English language proficiency.