Pedagogical and Social Factors that Influence the Learning Process of English as a Foreign Language in Ecuador

Abstract

Abstract: The study focused on the pedagogical and social factors that influence the process of learning English as a foreign language in Ecuador. The general objective was to understand the effects of these factors on English language learning and on the students themselves. The research was conducted in the urban area of ​​the Portoviejo canton, in the province of Manabí, Ecuador. A mixed-methods approach was employed. The study population consisted of 33 participants (students and teachers). Data collection involved a structured questionnaire for students, a questionnaire containing both closed-ended and open-ended questions for teachers, and semi-structured interviews with 10 randomly selected students. It was found that pedagogical factors such as the use of games, projects, and debates help motivate students, foster interaction, and facilitate learning. Furthermore, social factors, including exposure to English through social media, music, films, and television series, enhance learning outside the classroom. In conclusion, various pedagogical and social factors can influence the learning of English; therefore, it is recommended to promote interactive, student-centered instruction and collaborative learning.