Efectividad de los programas de deprescripción en adultos mayores basados en los criterios STOPPSTART: revisión bibliográfica

Abstract

Abstract: Population aging has led to a higher incidence of chronic and acute diseases, resulting in a simultaneous increase in medication use among geriatric patients. As a major healthcare concern, polypharmacy increases the risk of adverse reactions, drug interactions, higher hospitalization rates and relapses, resulting in a decrease in patients' quality of life. The objective of this research has been to evaluate the effectiveness of deprescribing programs in the elderly population based on the STOPP/START criteria, through a literature review of studies published between 2020 and 2026. A review of scientific articles was performed in PubMed and Scopus following the PRISMA guidelines, and the quality of the selected articles was evaluated using a matrix adapted from the JBI Critical Appraisal principles. The information was organized and analyzed considering the methodological characteristics of the interventions, the target population, and the main clinical and pharmacotherapeutic results. Evidence demonstrates that these programs favor the reduction of potentially inappropriate medications, decreasing the pharmacological burden, reducing risks of drug interactions and contributing to improving prescription quality. Finally, it was determined that the most effective interventions are developed by multidisciplinary teams.