Reposicionamiento de metformina, cloroquina y propranolol como agentes con potencial anticanceroso: evaluación de propiedades químicas, perfiles de uso y riesgos asociados.

Abstract

Abstract: Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and its treatment presents pharmacotherapeutic challenge related to toxicity, drug resistance, and high costs. In this regard, drug repurposing represents a promising strategy for identifying new therapeutic applications for drugs already approved and used in the population. This study aimed to conduct a literature review on the anticancer potential of metformin, propranolol, and chloroquine by evaluating their chemical properties, mechanisms of action, usage profiles, and associated risks. The research was carried out through a narrative review of scientific literature obtained from preclinical articles, clinical trials, and specialized reviews. The results showed that metformin has the most extensive scientific evidence and a more promising therapeutic profile, followed by propranolol, while chloroquine presents more limited and heterogeneous information. In conclusion, these drugs could constitute adjuvant therapeutic strategies in oncology; however, more robust clinical studies are still needed to confirm their efficacy and safety in cancer patients.