Relación costo-efectividad de terapias innovadoras frente a terapias convencionales para el tratamiento de Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2: una revisión sistemática

Abstract

Abstract: The growing impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus on healthcare systems is driving the adoption of innovate therapies that offer benefits beyond glycemic control. Nevertheless, their higher costs, which raise the need to assess whether represent an efficient investment compared to conventional treatments. This study examined the cost-effectiveness relationship of innovative and conventional therapies through a systematic review of economic evaluations. A comprehensive literature search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, following the PRISMA 2020 statement, methodological quality was critically appraised using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme tool. The results showed that sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors provide more consistent pharmacoeconomic outcomes, whereas the economic value of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists varied according to the clinical and economic context. It is concluded these findings underscore the importance of integrating clinical evidence, pharmacoeconomic value, and long-term sustainability when considering the adoption of innovative therapies. This integrated approach can support decisions that are consistent with the needs and priorities of the Ecuadorian healthcare system.